The
menopause occurs when a woman’s ovaries stop making the female
hormone oestrogen and is often diagnosed several months after a
woman’s last period. The menopause usually occurs naturally
between the ages of 45 to 55 years with the average age being 51
years. ‘Premature menopause’ is when periods stop naturally
before the age of 40 years and ‘surgical or induced menopause’
is when the ovaries are removed , usually because of disease. Menopause
may be a new beginning, rather than an end, of an active life for
many women. It is important to realise that many of the symptoms
of the menopause can be relieved simply and effectively.
Common symptoms
The most common symptoms of the menopause are hot flushes and
night sweats. Other common symptoms include:
You may also suffer from dizziness, depression
and poor memory and concentration.
A reduced sex drive may be a result of
changing hormone levels and the resulting vaginal dryness causing
discomfort during sex. But overall, the menopause has little effect
on many women’s relationships with their partners, either
sexually or personally.
Rather than seeing the menopause as a
negative event, many women are happy to be free from periods and
the fear of an unwanted pregnancy. The menopause also often coincides
with a time when you have more freedom to pursue new and interesting
careers or hobbies. "The change" can be a change for the
better.
Women who have close friends and family
or are in full-time employment appear to suffer less severe symptoms.
This may be related to being more satisfied with life in general
or having higher self-esteem.
The need for exercise
Your body shape can change at menopause. Before
the menopause, most women have extra body fat on their hips. Thighs
and buttocks. This body fat is important for normal periods and
fertility.
After the menopause, about 10% of a woman’s
body fat is redistributed on the abdomen (a cause of great frustration
for many women).
As you age, your metabolic rate
tends to slow down. So you need to take regular exercise to prevent
putting on weight.
- Exercise (such as brisk walking) for 30 minutes
three times a week or more is good for controlling weight and
increasing or maintaining lean muscle. It also reduces some bone
loss after menopause - although oestrogen therapy and calcium
in the diet are also important.
- Aerobic exercise (which increase the heart rate)
will help improve fitness of your heart. It will also give you
a feeling of well being and enable you to cope more easily with
the unpleasant symptoms such as hot flushes.
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