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Oesophageal reflux

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease occurs when acid from the stomach comes back up into the oesophagus (the food passage from the mouth to the stomach). About a third of adults in the UK experience heartburn at least once a month, and a small minority suffer from heartburn every week or even every day. Most pregnant women have heartburn which settles as soon as the baby is born. Reflux is also a problem in some young infants, but usually disappears as the baby grows and develops. Fortunately, for most people reflux can be treated by making simple changes to their lifestyle.

Life Style Tips

  • Reduce your alcohol intake and avoid drinking alcohol on an empty stomach
  • Stop smoking
  • Exercise everyday
  • Lose weight if necessary
  • Raise the head of your bed with books or bricks (about 10 cms) to stop reflux at night

Stress doesn’t cause reflux but it can make your symptoms seen worse.

What causes the reflux?
At the top of the stomach there is a muscular valve (sphincter) that allows food to go down but prevents the contents of the stomach from coming back up into the oesophagus. If the valve isn’t working properly, stomach acid comes back into the oesophagus - this is called reflux. We don’t know why the valve doesn’t work in some people. Although a hiatus hernia (where the upper part of the stomach slips into the chest) makes reflux more likely.

What are the symptoms?
Oesophageal reflux can cause the following symptoms:

  • Heartburn (a burning sensation in the chest)
  • Regurgitation (food or acid coming back up into the mouth)
  • Difficulty swallowing food Chest pain
  • Coughing and wheezing

Heartburn is the most common symptom and often comes on after meals.

People with severe reflux may experience the following:

  • Regurgitation of stomach fluid into the mouth, often when bending or stooping
  • Food occasionally sticking in the lower end of the oesophagus
  • A burning pain on swallowing, usually with hot fluids

A small number of people have severe chest pain brought on by reflux. This pain can be mistaken for a heart attack.

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